《大学英语四级考试大纲及样题》要求学生写作时“能够正确表达思想，意义连贯，无重大语法错误”，进一步解释就是检测学生的语言能力，即语言点、语法结构、词组搭配、惯用法和繁、难句子的使用，要求 学生用英语思维，切不可将英语和汉语一一对应，或逐字逐句译出。以下是学生写作练习时常见的错误，望能引起注意。为便于讨论，下面例句中将要表达的意思写成汉语放在前面。
1. 表达不完整
他是这里最早到的学生之一。
[误] He was one of the earliest students here.
说明：句子中表达意思不够完整，未说明在什么情况下最早的学生之一。可改为：
[正] He was one of the earliest students who came here.
2. 指代不明确
她问妈妈她能否晚上出去看电影。
[误] She asked her mother whether she could go out to see a film that night.
说明：句子中究竟是谁晚上可以出去看电影，是女孩还是她母亲，句子表达不清，能产生歧义。因此，要避免句子中代词指代不明，可改为：
[正] She asked her mother to go out to see a film that night. 或
She asked her mother to allow her to go out to see a film that night.
3. 后缀错误扩大化
我丈夫是个好厨师。
[误] My husband is a good cooker.
说明：学生常将动词后加-er这种形式任意扩大使用。cook既可用作动词也可用作名词（厨师）。而cooker则表示“炊具”。类似的单词还有typewriter“打字机”，typist“打字员”；tour 旅行、观光，tourer 游览车，tourist 旅游者、观光者。没把握的一定要查字典，切不可随意去选。此句子应为：
[正] My husband is a good cook.
4. 误用be的虚拟式
众所周知，在资本主义国家里失业是常见的现象。
[误] It is well-known that unemployment be a common phenomenon in capitalist countries.
说明：这是典型的误用了be的虚拟语气。只有在下列单词构成的主语从句中： it is ordered/demanded/proposed/advanced/suggested/urgent等；或it is important/ necessary/urgent/imperative/essential等。如：It is urgent that this deficiency be corrected early in a student’s college career. 而，it is well-known不属于以上类型。
[正] It is well-known that unemployment is a common phenomenon in capital countries.
5. 主系表搭配错误书价比过去贵多了。
[误] The price of the books is much more expensive than before.
说明：price (价格)只能与high或low连用，而book (物)才可以跟expensive或cheap连用。
[正] The price of the books is much more higher than before.
6. 母语的干扰
慢慢地你会发现这项试验非常有趣。
[误] Slowly you will find that the experiment is funny.
说明：slowly指动缓慢，而gradually则指逐步地、渐渐地；funny 表示“滑稽”而有趣，interesting则表示令人感兴趣。因此，本句可改为：
[正] Gradually you will find that the experiment is very interesting.
7. 巧用双重否定
环保的重要性，无论怎样强调也不过分。
[误] The importance of environmental protection can’t be emphasized very much.
说明： can’t ... too 这一句型表达的意思是no matter how much you do, you will never over do it “无论也不...”。句型中can表示可能性，too 有over-“太...”的意思。本句子应改为：
[正]: The importance of environmental protection can’t be emphasized too much.
8. 非独立句从句写成独立句
因为他太累了，便早早地离开了会议。
[误] Because he was so tired. He had to leave the meeting early.
说明：以because等连词开头的句子是状语从句，它在主句中只能起一个句子成分的作用，不能表达完整的意思，因此不能脱离主句而独立存在。应改为：
[正] Because he was tired, he had to leave the meeting early. 或He was to tired that he had to leave the meeting early.
9. 因果关系表达不正确
污染问题很可能是以上原因引起的。
[误] The pollution problems are probably resulted by the above reasons.
说明：此句子有两处错误：“由……引起”或“由……（导致）结果”是result from，而不是result by, 且不用被动语态。其他因果关系表示法还有lead to (因), result in (果)，because of，on account of, owning to, due to, as a result等。
[正] The pollution problems probably resulted from the above reasons.
10. 否定词位置不对
我认为他不会再回来了。
[误] I think he won’t come back again.
说明：英语中的not与动词think, believe, expect, feel, imagin |
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